Volvo

The bulk of the Volvos you are working on today are pre-2014 and the times, they are a-changing.

Alternators have been charging vehicle batteries for many years, and charging systems have changed through the years as well. We will talk about one specific model, the Volvo XC90 V-8 engine type.

Whatever name you use for this problem, it all means the same thing — air leaking into the intake system behind the air mass sensor is not being properly measured and calculated for.

Volvo has been making all wheel drive vehicles for over 20 years now.
Wow! Has it been that long?